Verse by verse insights to unlock scripture!

On Paul’s 2nd journey he helped to establish the church at Philippi.

Acts 16: Vision to go to Macedonia where Philippi is in Greece about 100 miles east of Thessaloniki and a little more than 5 miles north of the Aegean sea. Lydia and her family along with the Philippian jailer and his family were converted.

Written ~60-62 AD it is part of the “prison epistles” along with: Ephesians, Colossians, and Philemon with Philippians being the last one.

Sequence of events in Paul’s life that led to this point: arrested in Judea; held in Caesarea for a couple of years; finally brought to Caesar in Rome

When the Philippians heard Paul was in jail, they sent Epaphroditus (possibly their minister). He brought a message of comfort and encouragement from Philippians. He also brought money (Paul often did not take tithes from others to burden them further, but he did/could from them giving them an opportunity to do right. The Philippians helped Paul’s ministry at Corinth and Thessalonica and he acknowledges that in this epistle. Epaphroditus brought this letter back to the Philippians.

It is a very upbeat letter that stirs and encourages them to continue living the christian life. Paul speaks in very affectionate terms to them and appears to have the closest relationship with them of all the congregations that we know he dealt with. Not very corrective at all / fewer problems such as interpersonal issues as well as how to deal with some heresies.

Philippi became a Roman colony after the battle there in 42 BC. Some soldiers were ordered to stay there in. In 30bc Octavian ordered some people in Italy to move there (and other places). They were given all rights of Rome there (ie like it was sovereign soil) including no taxes and citizenship which plays into Philippians 3:20

Themes to watch for in the book: humility, sacrifice, fearlessness, reconciliation/unity, joy (Philippians 1:4, 25, 2:2, 16-18, 29, 3:1,3, 4:1, 4)

Philippians 1

Philippians 1:1 Paul and Timothy, bondservants of Jesus Christ, To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are in Philippi, with the bishops and deacons:

Timothy… he was with him when he first preached at Philippi and Paul would be sending him to them again shortly

bondservants… doulos slaves

the church was set up and organized with more than one overseer and more than one helper.

bishop… episkopos Qualifications for an elder or minister: 1Timothy 3:2, Titus 1:7

Acts 20:28 Therefore take heed to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood.

1 Peter 2:25 For you were like sheep going astray, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.

deacons… diakonos ones who serve (see Acts 6)

Philippians 1:2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

No mention of the holy spirit here (or 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians, Timothy, Titus and Philemon)

Philippians 1:3 I thank my God upon every remembrance of you,
Philippians 1:4 always in every prayer of mine making request for you all with joy,

Running theme: (joy, rejoice, glad etc many times)

The point being: we are as we think

Philippians 1:5 for your fellowship in the gospel from the first day until now,

fellowship in the gospel… it came about through the preaching of the gospel

from the first day until now… Paul maintained and was thankful for the great relationship that he had with them from day one all the way until the end – this cannot be said of all the other congregations that he helped establish.

Philippians 1:6 being confident of this very thing, that He who has begun a good work in you will complete it until the day of Jesus Christ;

If we have His spirit, He will continue working in us (while we are alive) and with us until the return of Christ (and He will see to it that the faithful will be resurrected at the last trump).

confident… we can move forward in faith and conviction that God is in charge of our lives and that He is overseeing it; the things that are going on in our life are moving us toward the Kingdom of God and building the holy righteous character of God that we need.

Philippians 1:7 just as it is right for me to think this of you all, because I have you in my heart, inasmuch as both in my chains and in the defense and confirmation of the gospel, you all are partakers with me of grace.

in my chains… imprisonment

Acts 28:20 For this reason therefore I have called for you, to see you and speak with you, because for the hope of Israel I am bound with this chain.”

Acts 28:30 Then Paul dwelt two whole years in his own rented house, and received all who came to him,

Looks like something similar to house arrest. He was a Roman citizen after all.

in the defense and confirmation of the gospel… Paul’s calling and job given to him by God

Philippians 1:8 For God is my witness, how greatly I long for you all with the affection of Jesus Christ.

affection… translated bowels in KJV; from splagchnon meaning intestine

Philippians 1:9 And this I pray, that your love may abound still more and more in knowledge and all discernment,

Go from strength to strength; do not be children in understanding, but become mature in the mind and will of God, continue to grow in grace and knowledge of God exercising your perception so that you can go forward judging correctly between good and evil.

Philippians 1:10 that you may approve the things that are excellent, that you may be sincere and without offense till the day of Christ,

approve… Dokimazō

Thayer Definition: to test, examine, prove, scrutinize (to see whether a thing is genuine or not), as metals; to recognize as genuine after examination, to approve, deem worthy; Connotation to look to or at the positive side.

This can be seen in the assaying process. Fire assay techniques are the most accurate way of determining gold content in mineral samples. Find it among dirt, wash it, crush it, refine it in a fire (removing the impurities) looking towards the most valuable gold while at the same time get rid of the dirt and impurities.

Proving the worth by using it. A way of life that works.

Galatians 6:1 Brethren, if a man is overtaken in any trespass, you who are spiritual restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness, considering yourself lest you also be tempted.
Galatians 6:2 Bear one another’s burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ.
Galatians 6:3 For if anyone thinks himself to be something, when he is nothing, he deceives himself.
Galatians 6:4 But let each one examine his own work, and then he will have rejoicing in himself alone
and not in another.
Galatians 6:5 For each one shall bear his own load.

Ephesians 5:7 Therefore do not be partakers with them.
Ephesians 5:8 For you were once darkness, but now you are light in the Lord. Walk as children of light
Ephesians 5:9 (for the fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness, righteousness, and truth),
Ephesians 5:10 finding out what is acceptable to the Lord.
Ephesians 5:11 And have no fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness, but rather expose them.

sincere… eilikrinēs judged by sunlight; pure, 2 Peter 3:1; In the dark you can get away with a multitude of spots and blemishes

They were dealing with Judaizers and antinomian doctrines creeping in.

Philippians 1:11 being filled with the fruits of righteousness which are by Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.

fruits of righteousness… what comes from being righteous? What are the fruits and works of righteousness.

Ephesians 5:9 (for the fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness, righteousness, and truth),

Galatians 5:22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness,
Galatians 5:23 gentleness, self-control. Against such there is no law.

Proverbs 11:30 The fruit of the righteous is a tree of life, And he who wins souls is wise.

glory and praise of God… our righteousness is like filthy rags, but God imbues us with His righteousness – so therefore the glory and praise should go to Him since it was not our doing.

Isaiah 64:6 But we are all like an unclean thing, And all our righteousnesses are like filthy rags….

Philippians 1:12 But I want you to know, brethren, that the things which happened to me have actually turned out for the furtherance of the gospel,

Romans 8:28 And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose.

He ended up preaching to the leader of the Roman empire, Caesar Augustus, King Herod Agrippa and other civic leaders as well as religious leaders like the Sanhedrin; people were called and converted through him; witnessed to others; which we see in the next verse:

Philippians 1:13 so that it has become evident to the whole palace guard, and to all the rest, that my chains are in Christ;

Some dispute as to where he was when he wrote this letter whether Paul was in jail in Rome or Caesarea at the time. The fact that it speaks of the palace guard lends credence to this taking place in Rome.

Philippians 1:14 and most of the brethren in the Lord, having become confident by my chains, are much more bold to speak the word without fear.

Others were empowered by Paul’s example.

Philippians 1:15 Some indeed preach Christ even from envy and strife, and some also from goodwill:
Philippians 1:16 The former preach Christ from selfish ambition, not sincerely, supposing to add affliction to my chains;
Philippians 1:17 but the latter out of love, knowing that I am appointed [by God] for the defense of the gospel.

Paul recognized the positive aspect of Christ being preached even though there were wrong motives mixed in among the right ones.

Philippians 1:18 What then? Only that in every way, whether in pretense or in truth, Christ is preached; and in this I rejoice, yes, and will rejoice.

He was just happy that the word of God was getting out correctly in spite of the motives

Mark 9:38 Now John answered Him, saying, “Teacher, we saw someone who does not follow us casting out demons in Your name, and we forbade him because he does not follow us.”
Mark 9:39 But Jesus said, “Do not forbid him, for no one who works a miracle in My name can soon afterward speak evil of Me.
Mark 9:40 For he who is not against us is on our side.

Philippians 1:19 For I know that this will turn out for my deliverance through your prayer and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ,
Philippians 1:20 according to my earnest expectation and hope that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ will be magnified in my body, whether by life or by death.

Paul was willing to offer up his body in the furtherance of the Gospel – whether in life or tribulation or death.

2 Corinthians 12:15 And I will very gladly spend and be spent for your souls; though the more abundantly I love you, the less I am loved.

2 Corinthians 11:23 Are they ministers of Christ?—I speak as a fool—I am more: in labors more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequently, in deaths often.
2 Corinthians 11:24 From the Jews five times I received forty stripes minus one.
2 Corinthians 11:25 Three times I was beaten with rods; once I was stoned; three times I was shipwrecked; a night and a day I have been in the deep;
2 Corinthians 11:26 in journeys often, in perils of waters, in perils of robbers, in perils of my own countrymen, in perils of the Gentiles, in perils in the city, in perils in the wilderness, in perils in the sea, in perils among false brethren;
2 Corinthians 11:27 in weariness and toil, in sleeplessness often, in hunger (14 days one time on his way to see testify before Caesar) and thirst, in fastings often, in cold and nakedness—

This was working out according to God’s plan

Acts 26:32 Then Agrippa said to Festus, “This man might have been set free if he had not appealed to Caesar.”

Philippians 1:21 For to me, to live is Christ, and to die is gain.
Philippians 1:22 But if I live on in the flesh, this will mean fruit from my labor; yet what I shall choose [prefer] I cannot tell.
Philippians 1:23 For I am hard-pressed between the two, having a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better.
Philippians 1:24 Nevertheless to remain in the flesh is more needful for you.

Some take this to mean that Paul would “see” Christ immediately after dying

Here is just some scriptures from Paul’s teachings on death and resurrection and when he would see Christ:

1 Thessalonians 4:15 For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will by no means precede those who are asleep.
1 Thessalonians 4:16 For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first.
1 Thessalonians 4:17 Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And thus we shall always be with the Lord.

1 Corinthians 15:18 Then also those who have fallen asleep in Christ have perished.

1 Corinthians 15:23 But each one in his own order: Christ the firstfruits, afterward those who are Christ’s at His coming.

1 Corinthians 15:51 Behold, I tell you a mystery: We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed—
1 Corinthians 15:52 in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed.

Hebrews 11:39 And all these [the aforementioned people of faith mentioned previously in this chapter], having obtained a good testimony through faith, did not receive the promise,
Hebrews 11:40 God having provided something better for us, that they should not be made perfect apart from us.

Philippians 1:21 For to me, to live is Christ, and to die is gain.

Philippians 3:7 But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ.

It would be “nice” to be delivered from all the troubles and distresses of this life, arising from diseases of body, losses and disappointments in worldly things; from the oppressions and persecutions of wicked men; from indwelling sin, unbelief, doubts, and fears, and the temptations of Satan -John Gill

Rest from his labors

Philippians 1:22 But if I live on in the flesh, this will mean fruit from my labor; yet what I shall choose [prefer] I cannot tell you.[wzv]

Like the fruit that he admonished them to produce in Philippians 1:11

Philippians 1:23 For I am hard-pressed between the two, having a desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better.

2 Corinthians 4:8 We are hard-pressed on every side, yet not crushed; we are perplexed, but not in despair;

having a desire to depart and be with Christ…

2 Timothy 4:6 For I am already being poured out as a drink offering, and the time of my departure is at hand.
2 Timothy 4:7 I have fought the good fight, I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.
2 Timothy 4:8 Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will give to me on that Day, and not to me only but also to all who have loved His appearing.

Ecclesiastes 9:5 For the living know that they will die; But the dead know nothing, And they have no more reward, For the memory of them is forgotten.

Ecclesiastes 9:10 Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might; for there is no work or device or knowledge or wisdom in the grave where you are going.

Paul realized that after death, in the next conscious moment he would be with Christ – in the blink of an eye as it were.

Philippians 1:24 Nevertheless to remain in the flesh is more needful for you.
Philippians 1:25 And being confident of this, I know that I shall remain and continue with you all for your progress and joy of faith,

Helping the church to grow in faith, encouraging them, edifying the congregation, etc

Philippians 1:26 that your rejoicing for me may be more abundant in Jesus Christ by my coming to you again.

Not only would they rejoice that he did not receive the death penalty, but that he would actually get to see them in person.

Philippians 1:27 Only let your conduct be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your affairs, that you stand fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel,

Ephesians 4:1 I, therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy of the calling with which you were called,
Ephesians 4:2 with all lowliness and gentleness, with longsuffering, bearing with one another in love,
Ephesians 4:3 endeavoring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace.
Ephesians 4:4 There is one body and one Spirit, just as you were called in one hope of your calling;
Ephesians 4:5 one Lord, one faith, one baptism;

UNITY; Stand fast in oneness; strive together not apart or separately.

Philippians 1:28 and not in any way terrified by your adversaries, which is to them a proof of perdition, but to you of salvation, and that from God.

perdition… ruin loss or destruction

Matthew 8:23 Now when He got into a boat, His disciples followed Him.
Matthew 8:24 And suddenly a great tempest arose on the sea, so that the boat was covered with the waves. But He was asleep.
Matthew 8:25 Then His disciples came to Him and awoke Him, saying, “Lord, save us! We are perishing!”
Matthew 8:26 But He said to them, “Why are you fearful, O you of little faith?” Then He arose and rebuked the winds and the sea, and there was a great calm.

Paul was being a good example in this!

Philippians 1:29 For to you it has been granted on behalf of Christ, not only to believe in Him, but also to suffer for His sake,

1 Peter 2:19 For this is commendable, if because of conscience toward God one endures grief, suffering wrongfully.
1 Peter 2:20 For what credit is it if, when you are beaten for your faults, you take it patiently? But when you do good and suffer, if you take it patiently, this is commendable before God.
1 Peter 2:21 For to this you were called, because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that you should follow His steps:

Colossians 1:24 I now rejoice in my sufferings for you, and fill up in my flesh what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ, for the sake of His body, which is the church,

Philippians 1:30 having the same conflict which you saw in me and now hear is in me.

Paul was previously in prison in Philippi [Acts 16].

Philippians 2

It’s amazing that in this letter, which is mostly one of encouragement, how Paul can drop some very heavy and deep concepts in the course of this epistle to the Philippians.

Philippians 2:1 Therefore if there is any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy,

consolation… encouragement paraklēsis imploration, hortation, solace: – comfort, consolation, exhortation, intreaty. [parakletos: comforter, a description of the holy spirit].

fellowship… partnership

Philippians 2:2 fulfill my joy by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

fulfill… make complete

like-minded… think the same way; Philippians 2:5

Philippians 2:3 Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.

selfish ambition… KJV strife

KJV: Galatians 5:19  Now^G1161 the^G3588 works^G2041 of the^G3588 flesh^G4561 are^G2076 manifest,^G5318 which^G3748 are^G2076 these; Adultery,^G3430 fornication,^G4202 uncleanness,^G167 lasciviousness,^G766
Galatians 5:20 Idolatry,^G1495 witchcraft,^G5331 hatred,^G2189 variance,^G2054 emulations,^G2205 wrath,^G2372 strife,^G2052 [eritheia] seditions,^G1370 heresies,^G139 

Galatians 5:20 idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies, variance,^G2054 eris same root as strife

Philippians 1:15 Some indeed preach Christ even from envy and strife, and some also from goodwill:

lowliness of mind… humility; we are nothing compared to God; how do we think so highly of our selves any way

let each esteem others better than himself…. when this concept and system is implemented, we will have many people that are raising us up as opposed to each exalting only themselves.

Philippians 2:4 Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.

for the interests of others…. Not only in word or thought (as in Philippians 2:3) but in deed as well

Philippians 2:5 Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus,

Paul is now going to explain what this encapsulates

Philippians 2:6 who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal with God,

being… essence

form of God… His nature is God; He divested Himself

did not consider it robbery to be equal with God… because

Philippians 2:7 but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of men.

made Himself of no reputation… emptied Himself of His Godhood / Nature

taking the form of a bondservant… He became the consummate example of humility for us; doulos – same as Paul and Timothy were imitating in 1:1

likeness of men… John 1:14; Romans 1:3; 8:3

See message Was Christ Ever Fully God and Fully Man?

Philippians 2:8 And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross.

being found in appearance as a man… See message Was Christ Ever Fully God and Fully Man?

Philippians 2:9 Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name,

name… implies authority

above every name… this implies that now or in the future no one will ever usurp His authority. When the God Family is created and we become:

Romans 8:17 and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him, that we may also be glorified together.

Revelation 5:10 And have made us kings and priests to our God; And we shall reign on the earth.”

Philippians 2:10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth,

every knee should bow… EVERY

under the earth… subterranean, in other words the dead in the grave.

Philippians 2:11 and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.

There will come a time when everyone will recognize, the one true God, His law, His message and the fact that Christ came to earth and died for our sins and:

Acts 4:12 Nor is there salvation in any other, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”

Philippians 2:12 Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling;

in my presence only…in my absence… Do we do what we are supposed to do when no one is looking? Of course God is always looking.

work out your own salvation with fear and trembling… Can we earn salvation, no salvation is a gift of God (Ephesians 2:8; Romans 6:23) Though we are each personally responsible to do our part – we do not get in on the coattails of minister, spouse, etc… (James 2:20; Matthew 5:16)

See message: Good Works – A Requirement for Salvation

Philippians 2:13 for it is God who works in you both to will and to do for His good pleasure.

works in you … God stirs us up through the power of the holy spirit.

Philippians 2:14 Do all things without complaining and disputing,

Paul brings up this idea again that we are to be unified and harmonious.

Philippians 2:3 Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.

These two thoughts in this chapter are bookends to the solution to this issue and problem – of course that is to be Christ like and humble and put others ahead of yourself.

Philippians 2:15 that you may become blameless and harmless, children of God without fault in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation, among whom you shine as lights in the world,

crooked and perverse generation… it was the way the world then as well as the way it is now, because we still have Satan as main and constant instigator.

shine as lights in the world…

Matthew 5:14 “You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden.
Matthew 5:15 Nor do they light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the house.
Matthew 5:16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in heaven.

Philippians 2:16 holding fast the word of life, so that I may rejoice in the day of Christ that I have not run in vain or labored in vain.

holding fast… 1 Thessalonians 5:21 Test all things; hold fast what is good. Hebrews 10:23 Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful.

Philippians 2:17 Yes, and if I am being poured out as a drink offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice with you all.

poured out as a drink offering… this was typically in addition to the sacrifice, usually wine, was poured out completely with and on the offering at hand. Paul is saying here that he may be used as a sacrifice on or along with their sacrifice and service of your faith… How they helped and served not only Paul abroad in tithes and offerings, but no doubt others in the exercising of their Christian duties.

I am glad and rejoice with you all… see next verse

Philippians 2:18 For the same reason you also be glad and rejoice with me.

Running theme that it carried on from the previous verse. (Philippians 1:4, 25, 2:2, 16-18, 29, 3:1,3, 4:1, 4)

Philippians 2:19 But I trust in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you shortly, that I also may be encouraged when I know your state.

send Timothy… because they knew him and could trust him in light of the issues they were facing.

know your state… Paul was always concerned about the brethren.

Philippians 2:20 For I have no one like-minded, who will sincerely care for your state.

no one like-minded… This word is only used here; isopsuchos ee-sop’-soo-khos From G2470 and G5590 [psuche]; of similar spirit: – likeminded. Paul is saying that Timothy was just like him which was high accolades.

Philippians 2:21 For all seek their own, not the things which are of Christ Jesus.

For all seek their own… those who would suppose to take care of you, but have another agenda like the Judaizers and Antinomians.

Philippians 2:22 But you know his proven character, that as a son with his father he served with me in the gospel.

Proven character… KJV proof; dokimē

Philippians 1:10 that you may approve the things that are excellent, that you may be sincere and without offense till the day of Christ,

approve… Dokimazō

Timothy had done this – gone through and proven himself and been examined and deemed worthy

as a son with his father… Paul had a very close relationship with Timothy; this is more of the affectation that is uncharacteristic of Paul in most of his other writings.

Philippians 2:23 Therefore I hope to send him at once, as soon as I see how it goes with me.
Philippians 2:24 But I trust in the Lord that I myself shall also come shortly.

see how it goes with me … Paul was unsure that he would get out of jail – he did but would be martyred about five years later in Rome.

Philippians 2:25 Yet I considered it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, fellow worker, and fellow soldier, but your messenger and the one who ministered^G3011 to my need;

Epaphroditus… perhaps the minister in Philippi

ministered… leitourgos li-toorg-os’ From a derivative of G2992 and G2041; a public servant, that is, a functionary in the Temple or Gospel

Romans 15:16 that I might be a minister^G3011 of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles, ministering the gospel of God, that the offering of the Gentiles might be acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

Philippians 2:26 since he was longing for you all, and was distressed because you had heard that he was sick.
Philippians 2:27 For indeed he was sick almost unto death; but God had mercy on him, and not only on him but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow.

Epaphroditus was with Paul long enough for Epaphroditus to get really sick and the word to get back to Philippi that he was sick and then return to Paul that their hearts were heavy at the news of Epaphroditus’ sickness.

Epaphroditus almost died from a sickness, but was now:

Philippians 2:28 Therefore I sent him the more eagerly, that when you see him again you may rejoice, and I may be less sorrowful.

There was a dual purpose in sending Epaphroditus to Philippi.

Philippians 2:29 Receive him therefore in the Lord with all gladness, and hold such men in esteem;

en’-tee-mos

From G1722 (en) and G5092;(timē)

1 Timothy 5:17 Let the elders who rule well be counted worthy of double honor^G5092, especially those who labor in the word and doctrine.

Philippians 2:30 because for the work of Christ he came close to death, not regarding his life, to supply what was lacking in your service toward me.

because for the work of Christ he came close to death… he became a living sacrifice almost to the point of becoming a literal one.

John 15:13 Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one’s life for his friends.

to supply what was lacking in your service toward me…. Epaphroditus with his presence, did what they could not do because of their absence.

Philippians 3

Philippians 3:1 Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the Lord. For me to write the same things to you is not tedious, but for you it is safe.

for you it is safe… a warning for their own good

Philippians 3:2 Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the mutilation!

Beware of dogs… apparently Judaizers; beware of evil workers

Matthew 7:6 “Do not give what is holy to the dogs; nor cast your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn and tear you in pieces.

2 Peter 2:20 For if, after they have escaped the pollutions of the world through the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in them and overcome, the latter end is worse for them than the beginning.
2 Peter 2:21 For it would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness, than having known it, to turn from the holy commandment delivered to them.
2 Peter 2:22 But it has happened to them according to the true proverb: “A DOG RETURNS TO HIS OWN VOMIT,” and, “a sow, having washed, to her wallowing in the mire.”

There were Jews that had become Christians and now they were leaving what was holy and returning to their old ways like a dog to his vomit.

mutilation… cut off, not the same as circumcision

Galatians 5:11 And I, brethren, if I still preach circumcision, why do I still suffer persecution? [from the Jews] Then the offense of the cross has ceased.
Galatians 5:12 I could wish that those who trouble you would even cut themselves off!

I think that Paul is using a play on words here when refers to those that preach the necessity of circumcision for salvation – he turns it around on them by saying that what they are preaching will lead to being cut off… from Christ.

Now he begins to explain what true circumcision is:

Philippians 3:3 For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit, rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh,

For we are the circumcision…

Romans 2:28 For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh;
Romans 2:29 but he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the Spirit, not in the letter; whose praise is not from men but from God.

who worship God in the Spirit…

John 4:24 God is Spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth.”

Romans 8:9 But you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God dwells in you. Now if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he is not His.

no confidence in the flesh… Once again Paul is alluding to the circumcision of the flesh that they are trusting in to save them. It is not putting their faith in and rejoicing in Christ Jesus as they should be.

Philippians 3:4 though I also might have confidence in the flesh. If anyone else thinks he may have confidence in the flesh, I more so:

confidence in the flesh… If this was what it was all about, he would have reason to boast and have great assurance since:

Philippians 3:5 circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee;
Philippians 3:6 concerning zeal, persecuting the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.

Paul had every reason to promote circumcision and other aspects of Judaism if that was what it was all about.

Philippians 3:7 But what things were gain to me, these I have counted loss for Christ.

gain… he previously counted these qualifications as a benefit or a resume enhancer

counted loss… forfeits these “accolades”

for Christ… all of these accomplishments (:5 and :6) he put in the loss column in exchange for what he had profited with Christ

Philippians 3:8 Yet indeed I also count all things loss for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and count them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ

all things loss… all of these accomplishments (:5 and :6) AND anything and everything else.

for the excellence of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord… a more than reasonable exchange.

rubbish… KJV: dung; any refuse, as the excrement of animals, offscourings, rubbish, dregs; of things worthless and detestable. This is Paul’s perspective when he says that he: suffered the loss of all things…

Philippians 3:9 and be found in Him, not having my own righteousness, which is from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ, the righteousness which is from God by faith;

not having my own righteousness… self-righteousness; the Jews thought that because they kept the law (which of course we are to do) that this would earn them salvation – so in this sense they were saving themselves, which we cannot do no matter how hard we try.

the righteousness which is from God by faith… The purpose of law is to show what sin is – it is not to justify. Justification, being made righteous, happens by faith, but it does not mean that the law is done away with or has no purpose.

Romans 3:31 Do we then make void the law through faith? Certainly not! On the contrary, we establish the law.

See messages [Is the Law Done Away; Book of Romans; Book of Galatians; Grace]

Philippians 3:10 [through faith (previous verse)] that I may know Him and the power of His resurrection, and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to His death,

the fellowship [partnership or participation in] of His sufferings…

Philippians 1:29 For to you it has been granted on behalf of Christ, not only to believe in Him, but also to suffer for His sake,

1 Peter 2:19 For this is commendable, if because of conscience toward God one endures grief, suffering wrongfully.
1 Peter 2:20 For what credit is it if, when you are beaten for your faults, you take it patiently? But when you do good and suffer, if you take it patiently, this is commendable before God.
1 Peter 2:21 For to this you were called, because Christ also suffered for us, leaving us an example, that you should follow His steps:

being conformed to His death…

Romans 6:1 What shall we say then? Shall we continue in sin that grace may abound?
Romans 6:2 Certainly not! How shall we who died to sin live any longer in it?
Romans 6:3 Or do you not know that as many of us as were baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into His death?
Romans 6:4 Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death [killing the old man], that just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.
Romans 6:5 For if we have been united together in the likeness of His death, certainly we also shall be in the likeness of His resurrection,
Romans 6:6 knowing this, that our old man was crucified with Him, that the body of sin might be done away with, that we should no longer be slaves of sin.

Philippians 3:10 [through faith (previous verse)] that I may know Him and the power of His resurrection, and the fellowship of His sufferings, being conformed to His death,
Philippians 3:11 if, by any means, I may attain to the resurrection from the dead.

This is what Paul is saying in:

Romans 6:5 For if we have been united together in the likeness of His death, certainly we also shall be in the likeness of His resurrection,
Romans 6:6 knowing this, that our old man was crucified with Him, that the body of sin might be done away with, that we should no longer be slaves of sin.

Philippians 3:12 Not that I have already attained, or am already perfected; but I press on, that I may lay hold of that for which Christ Jesus has also laid hold of me.

Not that I have already attained…

Philippians 3:12 Not that I have already attained [lambanō], or am already perfected[teleioō]; but I press on, that I may lay hold of [katalambanō] that for which Christ Jesus has also laid hold of [katalambanō] me.

laid hold of me:

Notice how fully and thorough and definitive Paul’s calling was

Acts 9:3 As he journeyed he came near Damascus, and suddenly a light shone around him from heaven.
Acts 9:4 Then he fell to the ground, and heard a voice saying to him, “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?”
Acts 9:5 And he said, “Who are You, Lord?” Then the Lord said, “I am Jesus, whom you are persecuting. It is hard for you to kick against the goads.”
Acts 9:6 So he, trembling and astonished, said, “Lord, what do You want me to do?” Then the Lord said to him, “Arise and go into the city, and you will be told what you must do.”

Acts 9:15 But the Lord said to him, “Go, for he is a chosen vessel of Mine to bear My name before Gentiles, kings, and the children of Israel.
Acts 9:16 For I will show him how many things he must suffer for My name’s sake.”

God gave Paul a job to do, a big job! Paul recognized the magnitude of it. It did not consist of just going to the Gentiles, Paul had to change as a person as well.

Romans 7:18 For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh) nothing good dwells; for to will is present with me, but how to perform what is good I do not find.

It is a fight

Galatians 5:17 For the flesh lusts against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; and these are contrary to one another, so that you do not do the things that you wish.

James 3:2 For we all stumble in many things…. 

Romans 7:19 For the good that I will to do, I do not do; but the evil I will not to do, that I practice.
Romans 7:20 Now if I do what I will not to do, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells in me.
Romans 7:21 I find then a law, that evil is present with me, the one who wills to do good.
Romans 7:22 For I delight in the law of God according to the inward man.
Romans 7:23 But I see another law in my members, warring against the law of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law of sin which is in my members.
Romans 7:24 O wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?
Romans 7:25 I thank God—through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, with the mind I myself serve the law of God, but with the flesh the law of sin.

already perfect: teleioō

to complete, that is, (literally) accomplish

Hebrews 13:20 Now may the God of peace who brought up our Lord Jesus from the dead, that great Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
Hebrews 13:21 make you complete in every good work to do His will, working in you what is well pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.

This is the way and manner that He called Paul and gave him a work to do. God is doing the same with us today:

Ephesians 4:11 And He Himself gave some to be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,
Ephesians 4:12 for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ,
Ephesians 4:13 till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ;
Ephesians 4:14 that we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the cunning craftiness of deceitful plotting,
Ephesians 4:15 but, speaking the truth in love, may grow up in all things into Him who is the head—Christ—
Ephesians 4:16 from whom the whole body, joined and knit together by what every joint supplies, according to the effective working by which every part does its share, causes growth of the body for the edifying of itself in love.

Psalms 138:8 The LORD will perfect…. 

God will do His part and we need to do ours.

2 Corinthians 7:1 Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting (epiteleō: fulfill further) holiness in the fear of God.

I press on…

Paul knew he was not in many respects even close to where he needed to be personally – he realized that he needed to continue to move forward earnestly in his pursuit of God and His way.

Psalms 63:1 A Psalm of David When He Was in the Wilderness of Judah. O God, You are my God; Early will I seek You; My soul thirsts for You; My flesh longs for You In a dry and thirsty land Where there is no water.
Psalms 63:2 So I have looked for You in the sanctuary, To see Your power and Your glory.
Psalms 63:3 Because Your lovingkindness is better than life, My lips shall praise You.

Psalms 63:8 My soul follows close behind You; Your right hand upholds me.

We need to press and push forward, because it will take some work

Matthew 11:28 Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
Matthew 11:29 Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.
Matthew 11:30 For My yoke is easy and My burden is light.”

But, it is a worthwhile endeavor!

2 Corinthians 4:17 For our light affliction, which is but for a moment, is working for us a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory,
2 Corinthians 4:18 while we do not look at the things which are seen, but at the things which are not seen. For the things which are seen are temporary, but the things which are not seen are eternal.

that for which Christ Jesus has also laid hold of me….

1 Timothy 6:11 But you, O man of God, flee these things and pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, gentleness.
1 Timothy 6:12 Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, to which you were also called and have confessed the good confession in the presence of many witnesses.
1 Timothy 6:13 I urge you in the sight of God who gives life to all things, and before Christ Jesus who witnessed the good confession before Pontius Pilate,
1 Timothy 6:14 that you keep this commandment without spot, blameless until our Lord Jesus Christ’s appearing,

Philippians 3:13 Brethren, I do not count myself to have apprehended; but one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind and reaching forward to those things which are ahead,

I do not count myself to have apprehended…

Not that I have already attained [lambanō]… I press on, that I may lay hold of [katalambanō] that for which Christ Jesus has also laid hold of [katalambanō] me.

Philippians 3:13 I do not count myself to have apprehended [katalambanō] [he is nowhere close yet].

BUT that being said:

forgetting those things which are behind…

Hebrews 12:1 Therefore we also, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which so easily ensnares us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,

Romans 6:4 Therefore we were buried with Him through baptism into death, that just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.

Luke 9:61 And another also said, “Lord, I will follow You, but let me first go and bid them farewell who are at my house.”
Luke 9:62 But Jesus said to him, “No one, having put his hand to the plow, and looking back, is fit for the kingdom of God.”

and reaching forward to those things which are ahead…

Ephesians 4:22 that you put off, concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts,
Ephesians 4:23 and be renewed in the spirit of your mind,
Ephesians 4:24 and that you put on the new man which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.

Philippians 2:12 …work out your own salvation with fear and trembling;

Philippians 3:14 I press toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus.

I press toward the goal for the prize…

1 Corinthians 9:24 Do you not know that those who run in a race all run, but one receives the prize? Run in such a way that you may obtain it.
1 Corinthians 9:25 And everyone who competes for the prize is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a perishable crown, but we for an imperishable crown.
1 Corinthians 9:26 Therefore I run thus: not with uncertainty. Thus I fight: not as one who beats the air.
1 Corinthians 9:27 But I discipline my body and bring it into subjection, lest, when I have preached to others, I myself should become disqualified.

This has been Paul’s connotation all along – striving for the goal ahead, like it’s a race that we want to win. It should be our desire and what we are willing to work towards and if necessary sacrifice. We should want to win!

the upward call of God…

1 Thessalonians 2:12 that you would walk worthy of God who calls you into His own kingdom and glory.

Not shooting for just the [lambanō]… I press on, that I may lay hold of [katalambanō]

I don’t just want to barely do this, I want to wholeheartedly get to where I am going and where I should be.

Philippians 3:15 Therefore let us, as many as are mature, have this mind; and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you.

as many as are mature…

Philippians 3:12 Not that I have already attained, or am already perfected[teleioō];

Philippians 3:15 Therefore let us, as many as are mature [teleios],

teleios/teleioo to make perfect, complete, to carry through completely, to bring to the end (goal)

Matthew 5:48 Therefore you shall be perfect, just as your Father in heaven is perfect.

^{1 Corinthians 2:6 However, we speak wisdom among those who are mature, yet not the wisdom of this age, nor of the rulers of this age, who are coming to nothing.}

^{Hebrews 5:12 For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the first principles of the oracles of God; and you have come to need milk and not solid food.}
Hebrews 5:13 For everyone who partakes only of milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, for he is a babe.
Hebrews 5:14 But solid food belongs to those who are of full age, that is, those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.

^{Colossians 1:28 Him we preach, warning every man and teaching every man in all wisdom, that we may present every man perfect in Christ Jesus.}

^{James 1:4 But let patience have its perfect work, that you may be perfect and complete, lacking nothing.}

have this mind: (the mind we see exemplified in Philippians 3:12-14)

Philippians 2:5 Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus,
Philippians 2:6 who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal with God,
Philippians 2:7 but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of men.
Philippians 2:8 And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross.
Philippians 2:9 Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name,

and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you…

If you do not think that this is right (what Paul is saying) then God can and will help you out :)

Psalms 25:8 Good and upright is the LORD; Therefore He teaches sinners in the way.
Psalms 25:9 The humble He guides in justice, And the humble He teaches His way.

Proverbs 2:1 My son, if you receive my words, And treasure my commands within you,
Proverbs 2:2 So that you incline your ear to wisdom, And apply your heart to understanding;
Proverbs 2:3 Yes, if you cry out for discernment, And lift up your voice for understanding,
Proverbs 2:4 If you seek her as silver, And search for her as for hidden treasures;
Proverbs 2:5 Then you will understand the fear of the LORD, And find the knowledge of God.
Proverbs 2:6 For the LORD gives wisdom; From His mouth come knowledge and understanding;

Proverbs 3:5 Trust in the LORD with all your heart, And lean not on your own understanding;
Proverbs 3:6 In all your ways acknowledge Him, And He shall direct your paths.

Philippians 3:16 Nevertheless, to the degree that we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule, let us be of the same mind.

kanōn: a general law, rule, principle, or criterion by which something is judged.

let us walk:

Galatians 6:16 And as many as walk according to this rule, peace and mercy be upon them, and upon the Israel of God.

Colossians 2:6 As you therefore have received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in Him,
Colossians 2:7 rooted and built up in Him and established in the faith, as you have been taught, abounding in it with thanksgiving.
Colossians 2:8 Beware lest anyone cheat you through philosophy and empty deceit, according to the tradition of men, according to the basic principles of the world, and not according to Christ.
Colossians 2:9 For in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily;
Colossians 2:10 and you are complete in Him, who is the head of all principality and power.

let us be of the same mind…

Philippians 1:27 Only let your conduct be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of your affairs, that you stand fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel,

Philippians 2:1 Therefore if there is any consolation in Christ, if any comfort of love, if any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy,
Philippians 2:2 fulfill my joy by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind.

Wherever we find ourselves now, in our walk with God, let’s keep going (in the same direction and by the same standards) asking ourselves:

Conclusion: verses 12-16

What do you need to be doing? What are you supposed to be doing? What have you attained? What do you still need to apprehend? Do you understand specifically what it is that God has in store for you? Have you begun to accomplish that?

1 Timothy 6:12 Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, to which you were also called…. 

2 Timothy 4:7  …I have finished the race, I have kept the faith.
2 Timothy 4:8 Finally, there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will give to me on that Day, and not to me only but also to all who have loved His appearing.

…if we continue to press toward the Goal of our high calling.

Philippians 3:17 Brethren, join in following my example, and note those who so walk, as you have us for a pattern.

1 Corinthians 11:1 Imitate me, just as I also imitate Christ.

note those who so walk… also follow others that exemplify Christianity

Philippians 3:18 For many walk, of whom I have told you often, and now tell you even weeping, that they are the enemies of the cross of Christ:
Philippians 3:19 whose end is destruction, whose god is their belly, and whose glory is in their shame—who set their mind on earthly things.

Once again, Paul is combatting the heretics that had their own agenda and would draw them away from the faith once delivered to them.

belly… earthly things… their focus was on the temporary and not heavenly and eternal

Matthew 13:22 Now he who received seed among the thorns is he who hears the word, and the cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches choke the word, and he becomes unfruitful.

Philippians 3:20 For our citizenship is in heaven, from which we also eagerly wait for the Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ,

2 Corinthians 5:20 Now then, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were pleading through us: we implore you on Christ’s behalf, be reconciled to God.

An Ambassador is: a diplomatic official accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, to serve as the official representative of his or her own country.

In other words an Ambassador:

• Represents their head of state or government
• Position by Appointment
• Not citizens of the country they serve

We are appointed to the position

John 6:44 “No one can come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day.

We are not elected. We did not choose to get this position, but rather it was given to us.

This is Satan’s world

Revelation 2:13 “I know your works, and where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is. And you hold fast to My name, and did not deny My faith even in the days in which Antipas was My faithful martyr, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.

We are to come out of the country that we are in.

Colossians 1:13 He has delivered us from the power of darkness and conveyed [transferred; turn away] us into the kingdom of the Son of His love,

The place where we reside is not ours.

John 15:19 “If you were of the world, the world would love its own. Yet because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you.

John 17:16 “They are not of the world, just as I am not of the world.

John 17:18 “As You sent Me into the world, I also have sent them into the world.

John 18:36 Jesus answered, “My kingdom is not of this world. If My kingdom were of this world, My servants would fight, so that I should not be delivered to the Jews; but now My kingdom is not from here.”

John 18:37 Pilate therefore said to Him, “Are You a king then?” Jesus answered, “You say rightly that I am a king. For this cause I was born, and for this cause I have come into the world, that I should bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth hears My voice.”

This is why we do not participate in the affairs of the world around us such as voting, jury duty, military service etc. This isnt the only reason for not doing these things but just as an Ambassdor goes into a foreign country and doesnt participate, we do not either.

1 Peter 2:11-12 Beloved, I beg you as sojourners and pilgrims, abstain from fleshly lusts which war against the soul, 12 having your conduct honorable among the Gentiles, that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may, by your good works which they observe, glorify God in the day of visitation.

Philippians 3:21 who will transform our lowly body that it may be conformed to His glorious body, according to the working by which He is able even to subdue all things to Himself.

transform our lowly body… Speaking of the resurrection. Up in :19 this was the focus of those that were off the track (belly… earthly things…)

conformed to His glorious body… John 17:5 And now, O Father, glorify Me together with Yourself, with the glory which I had with You before the world was.

according to the working by which He is able even to subdue all things to Himself…. the power associated with being glorified.

Philippians 4

Philippians 4:1 Therefore, my beloved and longed-for brethren, my joy and crown, so stand fast in the Lord, beloved.

my beloved and longed-for brethren … Once again effusive in praise and adoration.

crown… prize or badge that you wear as an ornament or symbolic of an accomplishment; crowning achievement; he was very proud of them

Therefore…so stand fast in the Lord… Philippians 3:16-21 so= in this way (referring to what precedes or follows); remain resolute and do not be dissuaded by the heretics Paul has been addressing.

Philippians 4:2 I implore Euodia and I implore Syntyche to be of the same mind^G5426 in the Lord.

These two women were not getting along and apparently this was in part what Paul was getting at in previous verses:

Philippians 2:2 fulfill my joy by being like-minded^G5426, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind^G5426.
Philippians 2:3 Let nothing be done through selfish ambition or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let each esteem others better than himself.
Philippians 2:4 Let each of you look out not only for his own interests, but also for the interests of others.
Philippians 2:5 Let this mind^G5426 be in you which was also in Christ Jesus,

Philippians 3:15 Therefore let us, as many as are mature, have this mind^G5426; and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you.
Philippians 3:16 Nevertheless, to the degree that we have already attained, let us walk by the same rule, let us be of the same mind^G5426.

Philippians 4:3 And I urge you also, true companion, help these women who labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the Book of Life.

true companion… Syzygus?; Barnabas?

fellow workers… we all have a part in this – we all have a job to do

whose names are in the Book of Life… NOW; these are the names of those saints that will be in the Family of God (Revelation 21:27); there is a book in heaven (Luke 10:20) where your name has been registered (Hebrews 12:23) since the foundation of the world (Revelation 17:8; Ephesians 1:4).

Philippians 4:4 Rejoice in the Lord always. Again I will say, rejoice!

Running theme intertwined since the very beginning of the book (Philippians 1:4, 25, 2:2, 16-18, 29, 3:1,3, 4:1, 4).

True joy comes from God and the things of God, not from the world or that in it. If we seek happiness in what this world has to offer, we will never be truly happy

Philippians 4:5 Let your gentleness be known to all men. The Lord is at hand.

gentleness… epieikēs ep-ee-i-kace’ appropriate, that is, (by implication) mild: – gentle, moderation, patient. Ties in with what we were saying before about being an example and letting your light shine. We are always on display for the world to see what it means to a true Christian.

The Lord is at hand…. He is near and he sees all that you do and He will return soon, and judge you accordingly. It is interesting that in a sense God will seemingly return in everyone’s life time – when we die, in the next instant, as far as we are consciously aware, God will return and it will appear to us that it was right after we died.

Philippians 4:6 Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God;

Be anxious for nothing… In nothing be anxious; Don’t worry about anything; Matthew 6:25 says, “…do not worry about your life…” Between these two that pretty much covers EVERYTHING. To do otherwise demonstrates a LACK OF FAITH and trust in God. It is not believing that He will do what He says that He will do.

God has said that He will look after us if we do what we are supposed to do – the rest we can place on His shoulders.

Philippians 4:7 and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.

the peace of God… through prayer this comes about; what an awesome and powerful instrument to have in our arsenal!

surpasses all understanding… it is a gift that God gives to us that we cannot come to on our own – especially in this day and age. As a Christian knowing the turmoil that is going on in the world now and the tribulation to come – some of it into our lives – we can still have a quietness and calmness in our hearts and minds because this peace:

shall keep… it that way! Phroureō froo-reh’-o to be a watcher in advance, that is, to mount guard as a sentinel (post spies at gates); to protect: – keep (with a garrison: To place troops in a fortress for its defense;).

Philippians 4:8 Finally, brethren, whatever things are true, whatever things are noble, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there is anything praiseworthy—meditate on these things.

Where our mind should be:

meditate on these things… what do we occupy our mind with?

Colossians 3:1 If then you were raised with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ is, sitting at the right hand of God.
Colossians 3:2 Set your mind on things above, not on things on the earth.

Proverbs 23:7 For as he thinks in his heart, so is he….

Philippians 4:9 The things which you learned and received and heard and saw in me, these do, and the God of peace will be with you.

these do, and the God of peace will be with you…. the peace of God comes with living the Christian way of life

Philippians 4:10 But I rejoiced in the Lord greatly that now at last your care for me has flourished again; though you surely did care, but you lacked opportunity.

Speaking of Epaphroditus bringing their offering

Philippians 4:11 Not that I speak in regard to need, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content:

state… condition; some times we have and others we do not

Not that I speak in regard to need,

Paul wants to be clear here that what he is saying should not be colored by his circumstances because:

Paul says, “for I have learned

According to JFB The I in Greek is emphatic. The impression that is conveyed is that Paul leaves it to others to be as they choose to be.

Paul is saying that he has learned…which brings us to the next point: This is something that is learned.

Paul learned that God meets his needs. God knows best.

Matthew 6:8 “Therefore do not be like them. For your Father knows the things you have need of before you ask Him.

Matthew 6:31-32 “Therefore do not worry, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’ 32 For after all these things the Gentiles seek. For your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things.

It is not natural for us to be this way. Through prayer, meditation, Bible study, fasting – in conjunction with the power of the holy spirit we can learn this.

Paul continues:

in whatever state I am,

1 Corinthians 4:11-12 To the present hour we both hunger and thirst, and we are poorly clothed, and beaten, and homeless. 12 And we labor, working with our own hands [not servants doing the work]. [And what was there attitude; how did they respond] Being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we endure;

What Paul went through many other trials as well (2 Corinthians 11:23-28). See Philippians 1:20

And further drive this point home Paul was writing the Philippians while in jail as the 1^st chapter reveals (Philippians 1:12-14).

to be content… autarkēs ow-tar’-kace

1) sufficient for one’s self, strong enough or processing enough to need no aid or support

2) contented with one’s lot, with one’s means

Sufficient with the state we find ourself in; the state that we find our self in should be sufficient.

Taking a little extra time on this because of what it means today…this is not the case as we see in:

2 Corinthians 9:8 And God is able to make all grace abound toward you, that you, always having all sufficiency in all things, may have an abundance for every good work.

God is saying through Paul here that our ability to be happy should have nothing to do with the circumstances we find ourselves in!

What a powerful statement this is when we consider the World that we now live in.

Philippians 4:12 I know how to be abased, and I know how to abound. Everywhere and in all things I have learned both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need.

Because of his outlook in Philippians 4:11 Paul says that in whatever PHYSICAL state we find ourselves, we can be in a CONTENTED frame of mind.

Contentment does not come by:

• Looking young again
• More money
• Having a bigger house with more stuff in it.

Satisfying the desires of your heart will not bring true long term happiness, but rather contentment comes with the realization that God, in his infinite wisdom, compassion, mercy and love has allowed us to be exactly where we are at this moment in time.

And if we have any problems with this, then:

Philippians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.

This is the true source of power that enables us to accomplish anything that we need to.

Philippians 4:14 Nevertheless you have done well that you shared in my distress.
Philippians 4:15 Now you Philippians know also that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no church shared with me concerning giving and receiving but you only.

Philippians 4:16 For even in Thessalonica you sent aid once and again for my necessities.

They helped on more than one occasion

Philippians 4:17 Not that I seek the gift, but I seek the fruit that abounds to your account.
Philippians 4:18 Indeed I have all and abound. I am full, having received from Epaphroditus the things sent from you, a sweet-smelling aroma, an acceptable sacrifice, well pleasing to God.

Paul was and could be self-sufficient as a tent maker and relying on God – so he did not need the money, but recognized that it gave the Philippians the opportunity to do good works that we counted toward their ultimate reward.

Philippians 4:19 And my God shall supply all your need according to His riches in glory by Christ Jesus.

Paul does not say this in passing – he knows that it is a reality, because he has relied on God so often and God has been there for him.

Philippians 4:20 Now to our God and Father be glory forever and ever. Amen.
Philippians 4:21 Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brethren who are with me greet you.
Philippians 4:22 All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesar’s household.

This may refer to those mentioned in the final greetings of of the epistles to Timothy:

2 Timothy 4:21 Do your utmost to come before winter. Eubulus greets you, as well as Pudens, Linus, Claudia, and all the brethren.

In history and poetry these names do come together as Claudia, the daughter of a British king, became the adopted daughter of emperor Claudius in Rome where she married a Roman centurion or senator named Pudens. Linus is thought to be the brother of Claudia as well as the bishop of Rome. The evidence for all of this is tenuous and not scriptural.

Philippians 4:23 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

Paul ends with his typical salutation..